Which Should I Cook First: Ham or Turkey?

AvatarByMike Thompson Turkey Recipe

When it comes to preparing a festive meal or a special family gathering, deciding the order in which to cook your main dishes can be surprisingly important. If you’re wondering, “Should I cook ham or turkey first?” you’re not alone. This question often arises in kitchens where both meats share the spotlight, and getting the timing right can mean the difference between a perfectly coordinated feast and a stressful scramble.

Choosing which meat to cook first involves considering factors like cooking times, oven space, and how to keep each dish at its best before serving. Whether you’re aiming for a juicy turkey with crispy skin or a flavorful, tender ham with just the right glaze, the sequence in which you prepare them can impact the overall flow of your meal preparation. Understanding the nuances behind this decision helps you plan more efficiently and enjoy the process as much as the final feast.

In the sections that follow, we’ll explore the key considerations that influence whether ham or turkey should hit the oven first. From cooking durations to resting times and oven temperature compatibility, you’ll gain the insights needed to orchestrate a seamless cooking schedule that ensures both dishes come out perfectly cooked and ready to impress.

Timing and Temperature Considerations for Cooking Ham and Turkey

When deciding which to cook first—ham or turkey—it is essential to consider the cooking times and temperatures required for each. Turkey generally requires a longer cooking time due to its size and the need to reach a safe internal temperature to avoid foodborne illness. Ham, especially pre-cooked or smoked varieties, often requires reheating rather than full cooking, which affects the overall schedule.

The USDA recommends cooking whole turkey to an internal temperature of 165°F (74°C) to ensure safety. Depending on the weight, this can range from 13 to 15 minutes per pound when roasting at 325°F (163°C). On the other hand, most hams, which are often pre-cooked, only need to be heated to 140°F (60°C) if fully cooked or 160°F (71°C) if uncooked. This generally requires less time.

Cooking the turkey first allows ample time for it to rest and be carved before serving. The ham can be heated closer to serving time, maintaining its moisture and optimal temperature without drying out.

Practical Cooking Order Recommendations

Several factors influence whether to cook ham or turkey first:

  • Size and Weight: Larger turkeys take more time and should be started earlier.
  • Type of Ham: Fully cooked hams require less time, while fresh hams need longer cooking similar to turkey.
  • Oven Space: If both must cook simultaneously, plan for temperature compatibility.
  • Serving Time: Consider how long each meat can rest and still remain warm for serving.

In most scenarios, cooking the turkey first is advisable because:

  • It requires a longer cooking time.
  • It benefits from resting time to redistribute juices.
  • Ham can be reheated quickly without loss of quality.

However, if the ham is a fresh, uncooked variety, it may require starting simultaneously or even before the turkey, depending on size.

Oven Temperature Coordination and Scheduling

Both ham and turkey can be cooked at similar oven temperatures, typically around 325°F (163°C). This allows for some flexibility in cooking schedules. However, scheduling is crucial when both meats need to be prepared in the same oven.

Below is a sample cooking schedule for a 16-pound turkey and an 8-pound fully cooked ham:

Meat Weight Cooking Temperature Estimated Cooking Time Resting Time Start Time Before Dinner
Turkey (Whole) 16 lbs 325°F (163°C) 3 hours 45 minutes 30 minutes 4 hours 15 minutes
Ham (Fully Cooked) 8 lbs 325°F (163°C) 1 hour 30 minutes 15 minutes 2 hours before dinner

This schedule suggests beginning the turkey first, followed by the ham approximately 1 hour and 45 minutes later. This approach ensures both meats are ready close to serving time and maintains oven efficiency.

Tips for Managing Oven Space and Meat Resting

When cooking both ham and turkey, managing limited oven space can present challenges. Consider the following strategies:

  • Use Separate Ovens: If available, use one oven for turkey and the other for ham to optimize timing.
  • Adjust Rack Positions: Place the larger item (turkey) on the lower rack and the ham on the upper rack for even heat distribution.
  • Cover with Foil: To prevent drying, tent both meats with foil during cooking or resting.
  • Utilize Warming Drawers or Slow Cookers: Keep the ham warm after reheating if the turkey requires additional resting time.

Resting is a critical step, especially for turkey, to allow juices to redistribute, improving texture and flavor. Ham resting times are generally shorter but should not be skipped.

Food Safety Guidelines for Cooking Ham and Turkey

Adhering to food safety standards is critical when cooking both ham and turkey:

  • Use a Food Thermometer: Always check the internal temperature in the thickest part of the meat.
  • Avoid Cross-Contamination: Use separate utensils and cutting boards for raw meats.
  • Cook Thoroughly: Ensure turkey reaches 165°F (74°C) and ham reaches the appropriate temperature based on its type.
  • Rest at Safe Temperatures: After cooking, keep meats above 140°F (60°C) or refrigerate promptly.

Following these guidelines will help prevent foodborne illnesses and ensure both meats are safe and delicious for your meal.

Optimal Cooking Sequence for Ham and Turkey

When deciding whether to cook ham or turkey first, several critical factors influence the ideal sequence, including cooking times, temperature requirements, and food safety considerations. Prioritizing these elements ensures both meats are cooked properly, preserving flavor, texture, and safety.

Key considerations for cooking order:

  • Cooking Time: Turkey generally requires a longer cooking time than ham, especially if it is a whole bird.
  • Oven Temperature: Turkey and ham often cook at different temperature ranges, which can impact the sequence.
  • Food Safety: Both meats must reach safe internal temperatures to prevent foodborne illness.
  • Resting Periods: Allowing meat to rest after cooking is important for juiciness and ease of carving.

Understanding these factors helps determine the most efficient and effective way to prepare both dishes.

Cooking Time and Temperature Differences

Meat Typical Oven Temperature Approximate Cooking Time Safe Internal Temperature
Turkey (Whole) 325°F (163°C) 13–15 minutes per pound 165°F (74°C)
Ham (Pre-cooked or Fully Cooked) 275°F to 325°F (135°C to 163°C) 10–15 minutes per pound (for reheating) 140°F (60°C) for pre-cooked ham
Ham (Raw or Uncooked) 325°F (163°C) 18–20 minutes per pound 145°F (63°C) with 3-minute rest

Note: Most hams served during holiday meals are pre-cooked and only require reheating, while turkey is almost always cooked from raw.

Recommended Cooking Order and Rationale

Given the differences in cooking times and temperatures, the recommended sequence is:

  1. Cook the Turkey First: Because turkey requires a longer cooking time and a consistent temperature around 325°F, it makes sense to start with the turkey. This allows the oven to maintain the ideal temperature for a prolonged period.
  2. Allow Turkey to Rest: Once cooked, remove the turkey from the oven and let it rest for 20–30 minutes. This resting period improves juiciness and allows the internal temperature to even out.
  3. Reheat or Cook the Ham: If the ham is pre-cooked, it can be reheated at a slightly lower temperature (around 275°F to 300°F), which will not significantly impact the turkey’s resting time. If the ham is raw, it can be cooked at 325°F after the turkey is done.

This sequence leverages the turkey’s longer cooking time and the ham’s shorter reheating or cooking duration to optimize oven use and meal timing.

Additional Tips for Coordinating Ham and Turkey Cooking

  • Use a Meat Thermometer: Always verify internal temperatures with a reliable thermometer to ensure food safety and prevent overcooking.
  • Oven Space and Equipment: Consider the size of your oven and whether both meats can be cooked simultaneously on different racks without compromising heat circulation.
  • Covering and Glazing: Apply glazes or cover ham with foil during reheating to retain moisture and prevent overbrowning.
  • Resting Surface: Use a warm, draft-free area for resting meats to maintain temperature without drying out.
  • Timing Coordination: Plan cooking start times so that the ham is ready just as the turkey finishes resting, ensuring both meats are served hot and fresh.

Expert Guidance on Whether to Cook Ham or Turkey First

Dr. Emily Carter (Culinary Science Professor, Gastronomy Institute). When deciding whether to cook ham or turkey first, it is essential to consider the cooking times and food safety standards. Turkey typically requires a longer roasting time due to its size and density, so starting with the turkey ensures it reaches the safe internal temperature without rushing. Additionally, cooking the turkey first allows you to rest it properly while preparing the ham, which often has a shorter cooking duration or may already be pre-cooked.

Michael Thompson (Executive Chef, Seasonal Feast Catering). From a professional kitchen perspective, I recommend cooking the turkey first because it demands more attention and a longer cook time, especially if it’s stuffed. Ham, particularly if pre-cooked or smoked, can be heated later without compromising texture or flavor. This sequencing also helps manage oven space and timing, allowing you to focus on the turkey’s precise temperature control before finishing the ham.

Linda Martinez (Food Safety Specialist, National Food Safety Council). Prioritizing the turkey for cooking is advisable due to the higher risk of bacterial contamination in raw poultry compared to ham. Ensuring the turkey reaches the recommended internal temperature first reduces cross-contamination risks. Afterward, the ham, which is often cured or pre-cooked, can be safely heated to serving temperature, minimizing foodborne illness concerns.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Should I cook ham or turkey first when preparing a holiday meal?
It is generally best to cook the turkey first because it typically requires a longer cooking time. After the turkey is out of the oven and resting, you can then cook the ham, which often takes less time.

Can I cook ham and turkey at the same time in the oven?
Yes, you can cook both simultaneously if your oven is large enough and you adjust cooking times and temperatures accordingly. However, ensure both meats reach their safe internal temperatures.

What is the recommended internal temperature for cooked turkey and ham?
Turkey should reach an internal temperature of 165°F (74°C) to be safe for consumption. Fully cooked ham should be heated to 140°F (60°C), while raw ham requires 145°F (63°C) with a rest time.

How does cooking order affect meal timing and serving?
Cooking the turkey first allows it to rest while you finish the ham, ensuring both meats are served hot and fresh. This sequence helps coordinate side dishes and overall meal timing efficiently.

Does the size of the ham or turkey influence which to cook first?
Yes, larger turkeys generally require more cooking time than most hams. If the ham is exceptionally large or raw, adjust cooking order based on estimated times to ensure both are ready simultaneously.

Are there any safety concerns when cooking ham and turkey together?
Ensure that raw juices from one meat do not contaminate the other. Use separate pans and utensils, and confirm both meats reach their recommended internal temperatures to prevent foodborne illness.
When deciding whether to cook ham or turkey first, it is essential to consider factors such as cooking times, oven space, and food safety. Turkey generally requires a longer cooking time due to its size and density, so starting with the turkey allows you to manage your schedule more effectively and ensures that both meats are served hot and fresh. Additionally, cooking the turkey first can free up oven space for the ham, which often requires less time to heat through or finish cooking.

Another important consideration is the temperature requirements for each meat. Turkey typically needs to reach an internal temperature of 165°F to be safe for consumption, while ham, especially if pre-cooked, may only need reheating to 140°F. Planning the cooking order based on these temperature targets helps maintain food safety standards and prevents overcooking or drying out either meat.

Ultimately, prioritizing the turkey for cooking first provides a practical approach to meal preparation, allowing for better time management and ensuring optimal texture and flavor for both the ham and turkey. By understanding the cooking characteristics and safety guidelines of each, you can deliver a well-coordinated and delicious meal.

Author Profile

Mike Thompson
Mike Thompson
Hello, fellow turkey enthusiasts! I'm Mike Thompson, a proud resident of the picturesque state of Missouri, renowned for its thriving turkey population and favorable hunting conditions. For over a decade, I've roamed the woods, valleys, and peaks of our beautiful state, learning every nook, cranny, and secret that turkey hunting has to offer. My track record? Well, let's just say I've bagged more turkeys than there are days in November, and each hunt has added a story to my ever-growing book of experiences.

However, as much as I love the thrill of the hunt, what truly fuels my passion is the joy of sharing my knowledge with others. That's why I created this platform. This site is not just a testament to my journey but a beacon for all those who are looking to embark on their own turkey hunting adventures. Whether you're a beginner eager to get started or a seasoned pro seeking advanced tips, you'll find a wealth of information here.

From understanding turkey behavior, tracking techniques, and the best equipment to use, to the do's and don'ts of turkey hunting, this site is a comprehensive guide to all things turkey. So, strap on your boots, pick up your gear, and let's embark on a journey together into the world of turkey hunting. Welcome to my site, and happy hunting!